Reviewed by Peptide Treatments Medical Advisory Board (Medical Advisory Board)

LL-37: Evidence Summary

Evidence summary for LL-37 across studied indications. Each indication is graded using our evidence tier system based on the quality and quantity of available clinical data.

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Indication Evidence Tier Trial Count Summary
Antimicrobial defense Tier C 2 Human cathelicidin with broad-spectrum activity; clinical use data emerging
Wound healing Tier D 1 Promotes re-epithelialization and angiogenesis in preclinical wound models

References (10)

  1. Cathelicidin LL-37-ApoB-100 interaction promotes LDL clearance and attenuates cholesterol accumulation in the liver. . Science China. Life sciences (2025) PMID: 40971038
  2. LL-37 Inhibits TMPRSS2-Mediated S2' Site Cleavage and SARS-CoV-2 Infection but Not Omicron Variants. . Cell proliferation (2025) PMID: 40375579
  3. Cathelicidin regulates goblet cell mucus secretion and mucus-associated proteins. . Gut microbes (2025) PMID: 40735968
  4. Rosacea pathogenesis and therapeutics: current treatments and a look at future targets. . Frontiers in medicine (2023) PMID: 38193038
  5. Antifungal properties of cathelicidin LL-37: current knowledge and future research directions. . World journal of microbiology & biotechnology (2023) PMID: 38057654
  6. The Antimicrobial Peptide Cathelicidin Exerts Immunomodulatory Effects via Scavenger Receptors. . International journal of molecular sciences (2023) PMID: 36614313
  7. LL-37 transports immunoreactive cGAMP to activate STING signaling and enhance interferon-mediated host antiviral immunity. . Cell reports (2022) PMID: 35649354
  8. Increased level of cathelicidin (LL-37) in vitiligo. . Experimental dermatology (2020) PMID: 32997837
  9. Psoriasis and Antimicrobial Peptides. . International journal of molecular sciences (2020) PMID: 32947991
  10. Topical LL-37 for venous leg ulcer healing. (2014) PMID: 25041740